Endocrinology & Diabetes

Bone Health and Osteoporosis

Bone is living, growing tissue. It is made mostly of collagen, a protein that provides a soft framework, and calcium phosphate, a mineral that adds strength and hardens the framework. Vitamin D helps the body absorb and process calcium. Together, these two nutrients are the cornerstone of healthy bones.

Osteoporosis, or porous bone, is a disease characterized by low bone mass and structural deterioration of bone tissue, leading to bone fragility and an increased risk of fractures of the hip, spine, and wrist. There are many causes of osteoporosis. Not only do bones lose density with age, medications used to treat breast cancer, arthritis, asthma, Crohn's disease and Addison's disease can also lower bone density. Some illnesses such as hyperthyroidism, hypopituaritism and eating disorders also cause bones to lose strength.

Nutrition: Nutrition, especially calcium, plays an important role in preventing osteoporosis. In people who have healthy bones, adequate calcium intake on a daily basis is necessary to maintain bone health.

Living with the Disease: It is common to feel anxious about health or lifestyle when diagnosed with osteoporosis feelings of loneliness; depression and helplessness are all very common.

Exercises for Healthy Bones: Exercise is recommended for all people with osteoporosis, even people who have had a spine or hip fracture. Exercise is an important step towards protecting the bones, as it helps protect the spine, slows the rate of bone loss, and builds muscle strength, which can prevent falls

Calcium and Vitamin D: Calcium and Vitamin D are essential nutrients for proper bone health. Vitamin D helps to increase the absorption of calcium, ultimately building stronger bones. It also improves the function of muscles, improving your balance and decreasing the likelihood of falls, which can lead to fractures.